超级稻协优9308衍生群体根系与地上部重要农艺性状的相关性

Phenotypic Relationship between Roots and Important Shoot Agronomic Traits Using a RIL and Two Derived Backcross Populations of Super Rice Xieyou 9308

利用超级稻协优9308重组自交系及其双回交群体,结合水面无土栽培技术和大田栽培,获得水稻地上部分蘖数、抽穗期和单株产量等10个性状和根长、总根长和根干重等7个根系性状数据,采用DPS统计软件分析XBR、RIL和ZHR群体这些性状相关性。结果表明,这些性状双亲间表现出显著或极显著的遗传差异,且在3个群体中都呈连续分布和双向超亲分离。根长分别与总根长、根表面积、根干重等5个性状呈极显著正相关,根直径与其他6个根系性状呈不显著相关。抽穗期、株高和单株产量等6个性状分别与根长、总根长和根干重等6个性状呈极显著正相关,但分蘖数、穗数、结实率、百粒重等4个性状与根系呈不显著相关,10个地上部农艺性状均与根直径呈不显著相关。这些结果为水稻根系遗传与育种提供了有价值的信息。本文还对利用地上部农艺性状与根系间相关性间接选择强根系超级稻的育种策略进行了探讨。

A RIL population of Xieyou 9308 and two derived backcross populations derived from the RIL backcrossing with its recurrent parents were used in this study. Morphological traits were investigated including seven root parameters and ten shoot parameters under water culture and field experiment, respectively. The phenotypic correlation between root traits and shoot traits was analyzed within XBR, RIL, and ZHR populations, carried out by ANOVA and correlation analysis utilizing DPS software. In both environments, the two recurrent parents showed significant difference in all traits. Transgressive-segregation and continuous dis-tribution for all the traits were observed in three populations under two conditions. The root length （RL） correlated positively with five root traits including total root length （TRL）, dry root weight （DRW）, root surface area （RSA）, root volume （RV）, number of root tip （RT）. However, the correlations between root diameter （RD） and the other six traits were negative. Six shoot agronomic traits including heading date （HD）, plant height （PH）, panicle length （PL）, grain yield per plant （GYPP）, number of spikelets per panicle （SPP）, and grain setting density （GSD） showed a significantly positive correlation with the root traits while the other four aboveground traits correlated with root traits negatively. All the ten shoot traits correlated with RD negatively. The goal of this work was therefore to provide some reliable information for hybrid breeding, and an useful selection criteria for super rice combination based on root morphological traits.