城郊森林游憩活动的环境冲击——以武汉市马鞍山森林公园为例

Study on Environmental Impact of Recreation upon Suburban Forest——A Case study of Ma'anshan Forest Park in Wuhan

城郊森林游憩作为一种积极型游憩活动,充分认识其环境冲击特性对城郊森林游憩的利用具有重要的理论与实践意义。以武汉市马鞍山森林公园为例,调查分析了植被、土壤的游憩冲击特征。结果表明,植被受冲击程度与游憩活动频次有关,主游憩线路附近强于次级游憩线路,对土壤的冲击主要是践踏和垃圾遗留引起的土壤理化性质变化,受冲击程度的差异直接与游憩活动的强度有关,植被和土壤的主要冲击因子的分布都显示出与游憩活动性质的关联性,最后对游憩冲击的直接冲击和后效冲击2种方式进行了讨论。

Recreation in suburban forest parks often tends to be more active and involves more in nature system than general sightseeing.There are practical and theoretical meanings to fully understand its environmental impacts.Taking Ma'anshan Forest Park in Wuhan as an example,impacts of recreation upon vegetation and soil were surveyed and analyzed.Results showed that degree of impact upon vegetations showed relation with the frequency of recreation activities,and impaction along main recreational route was severer than that along secondary routes.Impacts upon soil mainly resulted from trampling and rubbish residue which changed soil physical and chemical characteristics,and intensity of recreation activity showed differences on the degree of impact.Either for vegetations or for soils,distribution of their main impact factors was connected with propertied of recreation activity.Lastly,two types,that is direct impaction and aftereffect impaction,were discussed.