失地农民生活满意度的评价类型与机理研究

On Types and Mechanism of Evaluating Landless Farmers' Life Satisfaction

基于实证研究发现,当失地农民面临不同的比较对象时,影响其生活满意度的因素也是随之变化的。据此,将失地农民对于生活满意度的评价概括为乐观型、消极型、情绪型和理性型等4种类型,并从相对剥夺理性和认知失调理论来分析该评价类型的生成机理。同时发现,在失地农民实施评价过程中,总体上,物质型因素占据主导位置,精神型因素起到心理平衡作用。因此,在保证征地政策依法执行的基础上,要努力消除失地农民对于征地的消极印象,提升失地农民的物质生活水平,培育失地农民良好的心态和积极的自我概念。

Based on the empirical research,this paper argues that when landless farmers are compared with different people,the factors affecting the life satisfaction are changing.Accordingly,four different types are identified in evaluating landless farmers＇ life satisfaction： optimistic,pessimistic,sentimental,and rational.Then the generating mechanism of those types is analyzed from the perspectives of the theory of Relative Deprivation and Cognitive Dissonance.It is concluded that during the evaluation,in general,the material factors are in dominance,while the spiritual factors are mainly to balance the mental state.So,the basic task is to eliminate the negative effects of the farmers＇ stereotyped image on the takeover of lands by legitimizing the policies.Then,efforts should be made to improve the landless farmers＇ material standard of living,and foster their sound mind-set and positive concepts of self.