快速城市化地区应对气候变化的城市规划探讨——以南京市为例

URBAN PLANNING OF ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN RAPIDLY URBANIZING REGIONS——A Case Study in Nanjing City

全球气候变化是人类历史上对文明生存的最大挑战。近年来,世界各国出现了几百年来历史上最极端的天气,它的出现与人类活动密不可分。为此,世界各国展开了包括行政手段和技术手段等在内的应对气候变化的方法,城市规划也是一个关注和讨论的重点领域。但是,目前这些方法仍旧延续了原有城市规划的原则和方法,现实指导作用较为有限。特别是对于快速城市化地区,如何通过调整规划原则和方法,编制能应对气候变化的城市或区域规划,仍是亟待探索和实践的问题。因此,本文就快速城市化地区如何应对气候变化提出了一系列的城市规划原则与方法,并将其深入落实在南京新一轮城市规划中。

Global climate change is the greatest challenge to the survival of civilization in human history.A lot of countries in the world launch methods to adapt to climate change including administrative and technical means.But the present methods solve the problem only in the minutiae and continue original principles of urban planning,so reality guiding role is limited.Especially in rapidly urbanizing areas,it remains a critical problem needed exploring and practicing that how to adjust the planning principles and methods to draw up city or regional planning.Therefore,this paper proposes principles and methods adapting to climate change through regional planning in rapidly urbanizing city regions.The study firstly presents the principle of tackling climate change strategy includes： controlling the pace of urbanization and limiting urban sprawl border;balancing ecosystem,protecting of green and ecologically fragile areas;enhancing the ability to withstand natural disasters,protect the city＇s security and sustainable development and so on.Then,the study presents the flexible planning methods involve space development assessment method;identification of the important ecological protected areas;disaster risk assessment and warning;cleaner production and energy saving and so on.Lastly,the paper further explain a new round planning practices measures to address the climate change using Nanjing as a case.These measures include： 1） controlling the city＇s sprawl and protect the ecological carbon sink space in order to weaken the impact of climate change;2） ensuring the safety of ecological patterns and maintain the balance of urban ecosystem in order to ensure the stability of the local micro-climate and pleasant;3） strengthening regional seismic flood level in order to weaken the climate change caused by the threat of natural disasters;4） implementing the public transport priority and reduce carbon emissions in order to reduce the impact of urban activities on the atmosphere.