城乡预防保健服务需求差异及其影响因素:基于中国跨省数据的实证分析

The difference of demand for preventive care between urban and rural China: an empirical analysis based on cross-country data

本文采用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据分析2004-2006年间城乡预防保健服务需求状况及其影响因素,以此提出缩小城乡之间与城乡内部预防保健服务差异的政策建议。考虑样本选择性与医疗保险内生性问题,运用probit估计方法,发现城乡居民的预防保健服务需求存在显著差异,但两者差距呈缩小态势;同时,相较于农村内部,城市内部差异更趋于扩大。影响居民的预防保健服务的需求因素中,除预防保健服务费用是否由医疗保险支付这一因素外,在农村主要是供给方因素,如农村的医疗资源供给水平,在城市主要是需求方因素,如个人收入。

Preventive care is an important determinant of health,which can reduce the probability of illness and improve the health outcome.As opposed to curative care,preventive care can＇t bring the economic effect directly is ignored.With the deterioration of the ageing and the transit of epidemiology,preventive care plays an important role.In this study,while using CHNS2004-2006 data,we find the following results： first,it varies across the rural and urban population in the demand for preventive care.Moreover,the disparity in rural China lessens,while it enlarges in urban China.Second,income matters in the demand for the preventive care in urban China,While abundance in the health care providers and good economic development in rural will promote its population to use the preventive care services.