我国各地区利用FDI质量的评估与比较:1999～2008

Assessment and Comparison of the Quality of Utilizing FDI in Regions of China:1999-2008

选择了14个评价指标,利用因子分析法评估了不同地区1999～2003年和2004～2008年两个时段利用FDI的质量。检验结果表明,利用FDI质量较好的省市主要集中在东部,较差的主要集中在西部,中部地区的质量排名波动较大;区域利用FDI质量的差异随时间的变化而缩小。根据经济含义,将14个指标分为一般因子(FDI对经济发展的数量贡献)、科技管理因子(FDI对技术和管理水平的影响)、质量因子(FDI对经济质量的影响)和制度因子(FDI对制度的影响),并进行因子载荷分析和FDI质量内部结构分析后发现,一般因子是利用FDI质量最主要的决定因素,科技管理因子的作用次之,质量因子和制度因子的作用较小,这意味着我国利用FDI的质量主要由FDI的数量贡献决定,利用FDI的质量总体上是不高的;其他三类因子对FDI利用质量为中等水平地区的作用很大,因为这些地区利用FDI水平的差异较小,而且其他三类因子的作用随时间的变化在不断增大。

The article analyzes the quality of utilizing FDI with 14 indexes by factors analysis in different regions two periods of between 1999 and 2003 and between 2004 and 2008.The results show that regions of better quality of utilizing FDI mainly concentrated in the eastern region,regions of lower quality of utilizing FDI mainly concentrated in the west region,rank of FDI quality fluctuates greatly in the central region.Regional differences in the quality of FDI utilization has changed over time.According to economic meaning,14 indicators could be divided into general factor-quantity contributes of FDI for economic development,scientific and management factors-effects of FDI on the level of technology and management,quality factor—effects of FDI on economic quality,and institutional factors—effects of FDI on institution.The paper found through analysis of factor loading and internal structure of FDI quality that general factor was mainly the determinant of utilizing FDI,the factor of scientific and management had secondly a role,quality factor and institution factor had small influence.This meant that the quality of utilizing FDI might mainly decided by quantity contributes of FDI and is low as a whole in China.The other three type factors would have a bigger influence on the quality of FDI utilization in regions where the quality of FDI utilization was in intermediate level,because the level of FDI utilization had a small difference in these regions.