对后结构调整时期非洲主流经济发展战略与政策的批判性思考

The Critical Thinking on the Dominant Economic Development Strategies and Policies in Africa in the Post-Structural Adjustment Era

多方面证据表明,非洲现行经济发展战略与政策基本上仍是过去经济结构调整计划的延续或翻版。经济结构调整计划曾因广受争议和反对而被弃之不用,但该计划的主导思想和主要政策框架在换上减债计划、减贫战略等新的外包装后继续掌控非洲经济发展进程,根源在于非洲国家长期以来在物质层面严重依赖外部世界,它们在精神层面所追求的独立自主理想缺少实现空间。短期内非洲国家真正自主选择和决定其经济发展战略与政策的空间还不是很大。但无论如何,非洲国家在依赖外部世界求发展的进程中必须树立自力更生、自主发展的观念,要力争使所获外援为内生发展创造条件、为摆脱外援创造条件。

There are plenty of facts and evidence that the current economic development strategies and policies implemented by a majority of African countries have basically continued or duplicated the past economic structural adjustment programs,which were abandoned in the mid-and late-1990s because of the widespread controversies and resistance.Why could the deserted policy tools dominate the African economic development process again after they take on new packages like the HIPC or PRSP？ The root cause of the problem lies in that many African countries have heavily depended upon the outside world for their development resources during the past decades and their space for the self-directed development ideal have seriously diminished.The situation determines that African countries will have few free choice and decision for their economic development strategies and policies in the short run.For all that,the externally-dependent African countries must foster the awareness of self-reliance and independent development,and try their best to make external resources become favorable conditions for the endogenous development and shaking off the foreign assistance eventually.