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先天性长QT综合征的新进展 被引量:7

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摘要 先天性长QT综合征(LQTS)是发病率在1/2 500左右的恶性遗传性心脏疾病。LQTS的典型心脏表现包括可导致心脏骤停和心脏猝死的晕厥发作,以及包括QT间期延长和T波异常在内的心电图异常。90年代中期,LQTS的治病基因被首次发现,至今已有13型被确认。致病基因主要是离子通道和转运相关蛋白。对于具有典型特征的患者,医生并无诊断困难。对于模棱两可的病例,需要参照特殊诊断标准,比如心电图,病史和家族史等等。此外,基因扫描正日益成为诊断过程的一部分。除非有明确的禁忌证,治疗上还是要首选β受体阻滞剂。若在接受足量β受体阻滞剂期间,还有1次以上的晕厥,需立即采取左侧交感神经切除术,并根据病人特征(年龄、性别、临床病史、24 h Holter在内的心电图特征、基因表型等)考虑安装埋藏式心脏转复除颤器。病人接受适当治疗后,一般预后较好。但是LQTS8(Timothy综合征)病人,携带KCNQ1突变的Jervel Lange-Nielsen综合征患者,以及伴有2∶1房室传导阻滞,病窦综合征或Brugada综合征的LQT3病患的预后极其不容乐观。
出处 《中国心脏起搏与心电生理杂志》 北大核心 2011年第5期377-381,共5页 Chinese Journal of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:30973601)
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参考文献37

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同被引文献112

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