《俄罗斯联邦民法典》的现实性与现代性评析

A probe on realism and modernity of Civil Code of Russian Federation

俄罗斯在从计划经济向市场经济转型的过程中,因应市场经济的需要,制定了一部具备现实性与现代性的民法典。《俄罗斯联邦民法典》关于民事主体制度的规定,充分体现了私法精神的回归和俄罗斯转轨时期经济发展的特殊性;《俄罗斯联邦民法典》没有将抵押规定在物权之中,而将其作为一种独立的担保方式与人的担保并列归入债法是符合现代各国立法趋势的,充分体现了俄罗斯物权立法的现代性。

In the process of transition from planned to market economy,Russia formulated a realistic and modern civil code.The stipulation on civil client system in the Civil Code of Russian Federation fully manifests the return of private law spirit and the particularity of economic development in Russian transition period.Instead of placing the mortgage stipulation in real right,it puts it under the debt law as an independent mortgage form and mortgage by the guarantor,fully demonstrating the modernity of Russian real right legislation.