上海市黄浦区医院中央空调冷却水和自来水军团菌污染情况

Investigation of Legionella Contamination in Cooling Water of Centralized Air Conditioning Systems and Tap Water from Hospitals in Huangpu District,Shanghai

目的了解上海市黄浦区各医院中央空调冷却水和自来水军团菌污染状况。方法 2008—2009年5—12月每月1次对黄浦区4家综合性医院(其中3家三级医院、1家二级医院)监测点的中央空调冷却水和ICU病房、急诊室、手术间的自来水进行采样,用血清学凝集试验、胶乳凝集试验进行分型。结果各监测点中央空调冷却水军团菌均有检出,128件样品中共检出阳性20件,总检出率为15.63%(20/128),三级医院检出率为18.75%(18/96),二级医院检出率为6.25%(2/32);总阳性率以5月和10月较高,分别达31.25%(5/16)和50.00%(8/16);共检出31株菌株,Lp1和Lp7为优势菌株。各监测点ICU病房、急诊室、手术间的自来水均未检出军团菌。结论各监测点空调水存在军团菌污染现象,尤以三级医院较严重;自来水供水系统卫生状况良好。应于夏秋季在重点场所加强监测,以防止军团菌病的暴发流行。

Objective To investigate the legionella contamination situation in cooling water of centralized air conditioning systems and tap water of hospitals in Huangpu District, Shanghai. Methods From May to December between 2008 and 2009, improved testing technique were adopted to investigate Legionella contamination situation in cooling water of centralized air conditioning systems and the tap water from ICU, emergency room and operation room of four monitoring sites,which including 3 tertiary hospitals, one secondary hospital. Results The total positive rate of Legionella contamination in cooling water of centralized air conditioning systems of four monitoring points was 15.63%, the total positive rate was 18.75% for tertiary hospitals and 6.25% for secondary hospital respectively. In the tap water samples from ICU, emergency room and operation room of four monitoring sites it was not detected. The maximum positive rate of Legionella contamination was 31.25% in May and 50.00% in October respectively. The dominant strains were Lpl and Lp7. Conclusion Legionella contamination in cooling water of centralized air conditioning systems is serious, especially in the large general hospitals in the investigated district.