同情与理解的二重协奏--论教育视域中的同情性理解及其现实意义

The Sympathetic Comprehension and Its Practical Significance in the View of Education

同情性理解是一种开放性的、温暖的认同心理或意向,是将他者、它物吸纳于自我心灵,又把自己融入他者之中的理解和接纳的方式。同情性理解以同情作为约束条件,它往往意味着一种关心,一种爱护,一种兴趣,一种助益意识。教育实践中的认识误区与行动偏离往往导致三种困境,即:教育者与受教育者之间的沟通困境、教师规定性角色与日常生活角色的协调困境以及受限的教育与多元、不确定的环境的顺应困境。这些问题的解决有待参与教育活动的人其态度、思维和方法的转变。同情性理解则在其中显现了其独特的教育价值。

Sympathetic comprehension is an open and warm psychological identity or intentions, which is to absorb things into our minds, and meanwhile gets ourselves merged into other people＇s understanding and emotions. Sympathy is one of the im- portant elements of sympathetic comprehension, which means a concern, a kind of love and an interest. There are three difficul- ties that resulted from misunderstanding about education and the deviation in educational practice. The first difficulty is about communication between educators and the educatee. The second one is the coordination between kinds of roles of teachers and the last one is about the mutual adaptation between education and uncertainty environment. Some changes about our attitudes, our minds and educational methods are needed to solve these problems, in which sympathetic comprehension will play an important role.