核桃油、紫苏油、α-亚麻酸、亚油酸对大鼠学习记忆的影响

Effect of walnut oil,perilla oil,α-linolenic acid and linoleic acid supplementation on rats spatial learning and memory ability

研究了核桃油、紫苏油以及α-亚麻酸、亚油酸对断奶幼鼠学习记忆的影响及其机制。将78只幼鼠按随机数字表法分成13组,每组6只:阴性对照组,核桃油及紫苏油小(1.1 g/(kg.d))、中(2.2 g/(kg.d))、大(11 g/(kg.d))剂量组,α-亚麻酸及亚油酸小(0.1 g/(kg.d))、中(0.2 g/(kg.d))、大(1.0 g/(kg.d))剂量组。喂养4周,然后进行Morris水迷宫行为学测试,并测定大鼠脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果表明:与阴性对照组比较,核桃油中、大剂量组以及紫苏油小、中(P<0.05)、大剂量组(P<0.01)的逃避潜伏期时间明显缩短,在穿越平台次数上,核桃油中、大剂量组以及紫苏油中剂量组均显著增加(P<0.05);核桃油中、大剂量组大鼠脑组织中AChE酶活增加(P<0.05),紫苏油大剂量组、α-亚麻酸大剂量组的SOD的活性增强(P<0.05),紫苏油中、高剂量组的MDA含量降低(P<0.05)。说明核桃油、紫苏油具有增强断奶幼鼠空间学习记忆的能力;单纯补充α-亚麻酸、亚油酸不能提高断奶幼鼠的空间学习记忆能力。

To investigate the effects of walnut oil, perilla oil, α -linolenic acid and linoleic acid on the spatial learning and memory ability of weaned rats during development period and explore their work mechanism, a total of 78 neonatal male SD rats, 4 weeks old, were randomly divided into 13 groups according to the method of random digits table ： negative control group ; low, middle, high dose group of walnut oil（ 1.1, 2. 2,11 g/（kg·d） ） ; low, middle, high dose group of perilla oil（ 1.1, 2.2,11 g/（ kgαd） ） ; low, middle, high dose group of α - linolenic acid （0. 1,0.2, 1.0 g/（ kg·d） ） ; low, middle, high dose group of linoleic acid （0. 1,0. 2, 1.0 g/（ kg·d） ）. After 4 weeks feed, the spatial learning and memory ability were tested by Morris water maze test, and the enzyme activity of acetylcholinesterase （ ACHE）, nitric oxide synthase （ NOS）, superoxide dismutase （ SOD）, and the content of malondialdehyde（MDA） in the brain tissue of rats were determined. The Morris water maze test showed that, compared with negative control group, the escape latency detected in middle, high dose group of walnut oil and low, middle （ P 〈0. 05 ）, high （ P 〈0.01 ） dose group of perilla oil decreased significantly; the times of striding over platform tested in middle, high dose group of walnut oil and middle dose group of perilla oil increased significantly （P 〈0. 05）. The activity of AChE in brain tissue of rats fed with middle, high dose group of walnut oil increased significantly（P 〈0. 05 ）,the activity of SOD increased significantly in high dose group of perilla oil and high dose group of α - linolenic acid （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. MDA content in middle, high dose group of perilla oil was lower than the negative control, group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. adding walnut oil or perilla oil could promote the ability of adding α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid could not take similar effect.