亲子依恋与儿童焦虑的关系

Relationship Between Parent-Child Attachment and Children's Anxiety

目的:考察母子依恋、父子依恋与儿童焦虑的关系。方法:以Kerns依恋安全性量表、Spence儿童焦虑量表为研究工具,对584名8-15岁儿童进行测查。结果:①儿童焦虑存在显著的年龄、性别差异;②等级回归分析表明,控制了年龄、性别对儿童焦虑的影响后,母子依恋、父子依恋均能够显著负向预测儿童焦虑;③与父、母形成双重安全依恋的儿童焦虑得分最低,双重非安全依恋的儿童焦虑得分最高,只与一方父母形成安全依恋的儿童焦虑得分居中。结论:母子依恋、父子依恋显著影响儿童焦虑,父子依恋对儿童分离焦虑、躯体伤害恐惧的影响超过母子依恋。

Objective： To investigate the relationship between parent-child attachment and children＇s anxiety. Methotis： 584 children aged 8-15 years were tested by Kerns Attachment Security Scale and Spence Children Anxiety Scale. Results： （1）Significant age and gender difference of children＇s anxiety were found. （2）Hierarchical regression analysis showed attachment to mothers and fathers significantly and negatively predicted children＇s anxiety after controlling chil- dren＇s age and gender. （3）Children with two secure attachments showed lower anxiety level than children with two inse- cure attachments, and children＇s secure attachment with only one parent scored in between the two groups. Conclusion： Attachment to mothers and fathers significantly affect children＇ s anxiety, and the effect of paternal attachment on separation anxiety and physical injury fear exceed that of maternal attachment.