家庭学校环境、人格与青少年心理健康

Relationship Between Mental Health and Family Function,Teacher-Student Relations and Five-Factor Personality of Adolescents

目的:考察初、高中青少年心理健康的基本情况及家庭、学校环境和个体人格因素与青少年心理健康的关系。方法:采用家庭功能评价量表、师生关系问卷、人格五因素问卷和SCL-90对西安市四所普通中学的931名初、高中生进行综合考察。结果:①男生和初中生的心理健康状况显著差于女生和高中生。②除人格的开放性外,人格五因素、师生关系和家庭功能的不同维度与心理健康各因子间相关显著。③回归分析表明,师生关系的冲突性、家庭功能的矛盾冲突维度、人格的情绪性、外向性、宜人性能显著预测心理问题。结论:青少年心理健康状况总体良好,家庭功能、师生关系、人格可以显著的预测青少年的心理健康。

Objective： To investigate the relationship of adolescents＇ mental health, family function, teacher-student relations and five-factor personality. Methods： A total of 931 junior and senior middle school students in Xi ＇an city were surveyed by SCL-90, Family Function Questionnaire, Teacher-Student Relationship Inventory and Five-Factor Personality Inventory. Results： （~）Adolescents＇ general level of mental health were good, compared with national norm. The mental health of male and senior middle school students＇ was significantly worse than that of female and junior middle school students. ~）Except Openness, there were significant correlations among five-factor personality, teacher-student relations, and family function and all factors of mental health. （~）Mental health problems could be significantly predicted by conflict of teacher-student relations, conflict and harmony and parental attention of family function, and emotionality; and nega- tively predicted by extraversion of Five-Factor personality. Conclusion： Family function, teacher-student relationship and personality can significantly predict mental health.