施氮量与栽插密度对粳稻稻米品质的影响

Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Transplanting Density on Grain Quality of Japonica Rice

以杂交粳稻辽优5218和常规粳稻辽星1号为试材,研究施氮量和栽插密度对粳稻稻米品质的影响。结果表明,辽优5218的垩白粒率和垩白度显著高于辽星1号,施氮量和栽插密度对两品种的垩白粒率、垩白度和籽粒长宽比无显著影响;增施氮肥或降低密度可提高辽优5218和辽星1号籽粒的蛋白质含量,降低食味值;施氮量与栽插密度对辽优5218和辽星1号直链淀粉含量的影响因品种不同有所差异。适量少肥和适度密植可以改善杂交粳稻和常规粳稻的营养和食味品质,但杂交粳稻的高垩白粒率和高垩白度只能通过育种手段去改良,栽培措施对其影响小。

Using Liaoyou 5218,a japonica hybrid rice variety,and Liaoxing 1,a japonica inbred rice variety,as the materials,the effects of nitrogen rate(N) and transplanting density(D) were studied on grain quality of japonica rice.The results showed that the chalky rice percentage(CP) and chalkiness degree(CD) of Liaoyou 5218 were significantly higher than those of Liaoxing 1.There were no significant effects of N and D on CP,CD and the length-width ratio of milled rice(L/W) in both varieties.Increasing N or decreasing D raised the level of protein content(PC) but lowered the taste value(TV) of the grains of both varieties.However,the effects of N and D on the amylose content(AC) varied with the variety(V).It is found that lower N and higher D would improve the nutritive and eating quality of both japonica hybrid and inbred rice varieties,but the higher CP and CD of japonica hybrid rice could only be improved through breeding methods since cultivation practices have not a remarkable effect on them.