基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化

Census Spatialization Based on Settlements Density

提出了一种基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化方法。以江苏省人口数据空间化为例,在采用核密度估计法得到江苏省镇(乡、街道)居民点密度后,运用基于居民点密度的人口密度空间化计算公式获得江苏省1 000m×1 000m的人口密度格网图,结果表明:江苏省人口分布的热点地区正是在建的三大都市圈(苏锡常都市圈、南京都市圈和徐州都市圈),其中苏锡常都市圈的人口分布呈现各向异性,而南京和徐州都市圈的人口分布则表现为各向同性;人口密度不仅取决于居民点密度,还与平均每个居民点的人口数密切相关,居民点密度大的区域的人口密度不一定大,居民点密度小的区域的人口密度也不一定小。

In geography sciences, researchers are interested in the analysis and modeling of spatial data. Spatial Data Analysis （SDA） and GIS play a key role in modeling spatial data. The distribution of population is always influenced by spatial geographic factors. The traditional cartography of population density has a defect in incontinuity. Census spatialization is one of the methods to solve above-mentioned problems. Study on population distribution and census spatialization is a new research field of many subjects,which is an important problem in GIScience. Settlements density is a key factor in census spatialization, but it is rarely considered in recent research work. A method of census spatialization is put forward based on settlement density. Taking Jiangsu as an example,the town settlements density is obtained by the means of Kernel Density Estimation, then the 1 000 m× 1 000 m grid map of population density of Jiangsu is gained with a novel approach which is put forward in this paper. The results show that this approach is effective. Conclusions can be drawn as follows： the distribution hot spots of population in Jiangsu are the three metropolis which are Suxichang metropolis, Nanjing metropolis and Xuzhou mctropolis; spatial heterogeneity is the characteristic of the population distribution in Suxichang metropolis while spatial isotropy in Nanjing metropolis and Xuzhou metropolis.