喀斯特流域退耕还林项目的碳汇效应分析——以贵州省红枫湖流域为例

Study on the Carbon Sink Effects in Conversion of Farmland to Forest Project in Karst Drainage Basin

[目的]对红枫湖流域退耕还林项目的碳汇效应进行分析,为贵州省退耕还林的碳汇潜力提供参考依据。[方法]通过对2000～2006年红枫湖流域内退耕还林工程实施情况的调查,对林区内主要树种杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)、柳杉(Cryptomeria fortunei)、桃(Amygdalus persica)、李(Prunus salicina)、杏(Armeniaca vulgaris)、喜树(Camptotheca acuminata)和楸树(Catalpa bungei)7种林木的碳汇量及碳汇效应进行计算。在此基础上,估算了红枫湖流域2015年的森林碳汇总量。[结果]2000～2006年,随着时间的变化,森林的中、幼龄林生物蓄积量和碳汇量有上升的趋势,2006年达到1.05×107kg,将发挥越来越大的固碳潜力。在所研究的7种树种中,杉木是研究区内碳汇功能强的树种,预测到2015年,其单位面积碳汇量可以达到106.51t(C)/hm2,其次为柳杉,单位面积碳汇量为99.42t(C)/hm2,杏的碳汇功能最弱,单位面积碳汇量为13.03t(C)/hm2;7种树种的森林碳汇总量为2.35×107kg,平均单位面积碳汇量为26.17t(C)/hm2;按305.0元/t的价格计算,可产生7.17×106元的经济效益,按254.1元/t(C)的价格计算,可产生5.91×106元的经济效益。[结论]红枫湖流域退耕还林碳汇效应的经济效益巨大,具有较大的增值空间。

[Objective] Study on carbon sink effects in Conversion of Farmland to Forest Project in Hongfenghu drainage basin in order to provide evidences for assessing carbon sink potential of conversion of farmland to forest in Guizhou province.[Method] By investigating the implement of Conversion of Farmland to Forest Project in Hongfenghu drainage basin from 2000 to 2006,the carbon sink amount and effect of seven main tree species in the foreat region like Cunninghamia lanceolata,Cryptomeria fortunei,Amygdalus persica,Prunus salicina,Armeniaca vulgaris,Camptotheca acuminate and Catalpa bungei were calculated,based on which the amount of forest carbon sinks in Hongfenghu drainage basin in 2015 was estimated.[Result] Biomass storage and carbon sink amount in middle and young aged forests were increasing over time from 2000 to 2006,which reached 1.05×107 kg by 2006 and would engage more and more potential.Cunninghamia lanceolata has the superior carbon sink capacity in the seven tree species in the research region,of which the amount of carbon sink per unit area will be 106.51 t（C）/hm2 by 2015,followed by Cryptomeria fortunei with the amount of carbon sink per unit area by 99.42 t（C）/hm2.Armeniaca vulgaris has the weakest carbon sink capacity of all the seven species with the amount of 13.03 t（C）/hm2.The total amount of carbon sink in seven tree species was 2.35×107 kg,while the average amount of carbon sink per unit area was 26.17 t（C）/hm2,which could produced economic benefit of 7.17×106 yuan calculated on the price of 305.0 yuan/t（C） or 5.91×106 yuan calculated on the price of 254.1 yuan/t.[Conclusion] Economic benefits of carbon sink effects of Conversion of Farmland to Forest Project in Hongfenghu drainage basin are great with huge appreciation potential.