输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石的围术期护理

Perioperative Nursing in Pneumatic Lithotripsy under Ureteroscope for Treatment of Urethral Calculus

目的探讨围术期护理在输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石中的效果。方法对行输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术的160例患者输尿管结石患者随机分为两组,观察组80例实行围术期护理,对照组80例实行常规护理,对比分析两组的护理效果。结果两组患者手术均顺利完成。观察组并发症的总发生率为15.00%,对照组为41.25%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的平均住院天数及住院费用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术具有高效、安全、并发症少、创伤小、恢复快等优点,是治疗输尿管结石的理想方法。术前实施充分的准备、术中密切的配合、术后严密的观察和护理以及出院后正确的指导是保证手术成功及预防并发症发生的关键。

Objective To discuss the effect of perioperative nursing in pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope for the treatment of urethral calculus. Methods 160 patients with urethral calculus for pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope were randomly divided into two groups, 80 patients in the observation group were taken perioperative nursing, and 80 patients in the control group were taken routine nursing, to compare and analyze the nursing effects between the two groups. Results The patients in the two groups were operated successfully. The incidence rate of the complications in the observation group was 15.00%, and that in the control group was 41.25%, there were different statistical significance between the two groups （P 0.05）. The average hospital days and costs in the observation group were superior to those in the control group （P 0.05）. Conclusion Pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope has the advantages of effectiveness, safety, few complications, less trauma, and fast recovery, which is an ideal method to treat urethral calculus. Fully preoperative preparation, close intraoperative cooperation, rigorous postoperative observation and nursing, and proper guidance after discharge are the key measures to ensure successful operation and to prevent complications.