巴赫金“主体间性”思想解读

The Interpretation on the "Intersubjectivity" of Bach

行为哲学是巴赫金美学、文艺学中的"主体间性"思想的哲学基础。这种行为哲学强调人的行为必须"应分"(应承担责任),而行为世界的建构实质上是我与他人的关系,人的具体存在方式是:在言语交往中的存在、与他人对话中的存在。人的存在是交互性、对话性的。"外位性"是巴赫金人文科学研究,尤其是其"主体间性"思想的方法论基石。"外位性"即"我用他人的眼睛看自己,以他人的视点评价自己",其实质是强调审美活动中不同主体的交互性、对话性。"主体间性"是主体的审美观照方式,即不同文本(表述)之间、作者与主人公之间、读者与文本之间(包括当代读者与历时性文本之间)、不同民族文化之间都是处在相对的"外位"而进行交往与对话。

Behavioral philosophy is the foundation of Bach＇ s intersubjectivity philosophical in aesthetics and literary theory. His behavior philosophy emphasizes that human behavior must be ＂should be＂ （That＇ s to say one should be responsible for his behavior）, whereas the construction behavior is essentially the relationship between me and others, such is the specific mode of existence： among the speech communication, between the dialogue with others, and so on. Human existence is interactive, conversational. Periphery Characteristics means that one looks at himself standing in the perspective of others. This concept is the foundation of intersubjectivity thought and methodology during Bach＇ s aesthetics and literature research. It means the other perspective. Its essence is to emphasize the aesthetic activities of different subjects, interactive dialogue. Intersubjectivity represents an aesthetic way, it shows a kind of communication and dialogue, which happens between different text （expression）, between the authors, between the readers and the texts （including contem- porary readers and diachronic Texts）, between the different national cultures, and so on.