再论三国时期的“义”

On Righteousness during the Period of the Three Kingdoms

"义"并不是一个具有主体意义的伦理道德范畴,而是一个附着物,是与其他道德、事物、行为相联系的中介,是根据人的社会地位和政治地位对人们行为道德的内在规定。在《三国志》中,与"义"有关的词汇则近70个,超过了"忠"、"孝"、"仁"三者词汇的总和。以"春秋之义"来表达时人的道德态度,指导、评价人们的行为和大量以"义"为名的杂号军职的出现是三国"义"伦理的两大时代特色。

＂Righteousness＂ does not belong to the ethical and moral category that has the main significance but is the intermediary of link with morality,objects and behaviors and the moral rules of the social conduct according to the social and political status of man.About 70 words related to righteousness,which are more than the words of loyalty,filial piety and benevolence,have been used in The History of the Three Kingdoms.The righteousness of the Spring and Autumn Annals was used to express moral attitude and evaluate the behaviors of people,and some attached military appointment were set up,which are the characteristics of ethics of righteousness during the period of the Three Kingdoms.