现代都市中生产聚集与扩散的深层机理

Deep Mechanism of Aggregation and Spreading of Production in Metropoli

对于现代大都市中制造业向边缘地区的扩散和办公业在城区中聚集的现象,大多数学者都是从产业结构的变化和地租及交通通讯技术的影响等方面来解释,对于更深层次的机理很少触及。文章主要从劳动分工、联系机制两个方面来揭示制造业去中心化和办公业聚集的深层机理。资本的深化和技术的进步,促使企业内部产生功能分工以及联系成本的下降,制造部门和管理部门在空间上得以分离,生产部门可以分散布局,难以进行资本深化的制造部门及远程联系成本高昂的办公业则布局在城市中心。

In modern metropolis, manufacturing are spreading to periphery regions and meanwhile office industry are aggregat- ed in city. Most scholars explain this phenomenon from the changes of industrial structure and the impact of development on communication and transportation, barely touched deeper mechanism. This paper reveals underlying mechanism of aggrega- tion of office industry and decentralizing of manufacturing from aspects labor division and link mechanism. Capital deepening and technological progress promote the appearance of functional division of labor and reduction of link cost, so manufacturing sector and management sector can be separated in space. Production sector can layout dispersed. The manufacturing sector which to be difficult on capital deepening and office industry which have high cost of long-range links are layout in city center.