从上海竹枝词看条约口岸知识者民族观念的演变

Evolutions of the National Concept of Treaty Port Intelligentsia from the Perspective of Shanghai Zhuzhi Ci

晚清民初的上海,既是国家门户开放,中外观念碰撞的一大空间,也是"竹枝词"空前繁荣的一个胜地。如果说,条约口岸的地理空间造就了一大批"条约口岸知识分子",那么,通过对于这一时期流传的竹枝词中"夷""洋"等涉及民族观念词汇的语料库语言学分析,则可以较为清楚地看到在国家社会转型时期,这批条约口岸知识者的民族文化观念是如何由直呼为"夷",到"夷""洋"混用,再到去"夷"用"洋",表达出自己在传统与现代之间徘徊的心境,由此也可看到传统知识分子向近代知识分子嬗变的一个轨迹。

Shanghai,in the period of the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China,was both an area where foreign and Chinese ideas clashed with each other and the country opened its door,but also a prosperous land of zhuzhi ci (a form of literary writing).The geographical location of its treaty port generated a group of 'treaty port intelligentsia'.An analysis of those national-concept loaded words like 'yi' and 'yang' in zhuzhi ci of that time from the perspective of corpus linguistics clearly reveals evolutions of the ethnic concept of treaty port intelligentsia in that period of national and social transformations,shedding light on their state of mind in the struggles between tradition and modernity,and also marking the orbit of their evolution from traditional into contemporary intellectuals.