孙原湘:性灵派的殿军

A Study on Sun Yuanxiang,a Rearguard of the School of Ingenious Poetry

性灵派为乾嘉诗坛影响较为广泛而深远的一大诗派,其后期主要代表有孙原湘、王昙、舒位、张问陶等。比较之下,孙原湘就诗论而言,虽无正式的论诗形式,内在精神却比张、舒等与性灵派主将袁枚更接近,更具性灵派风尚;就创作而言,也许内容、境界上或有不及舒、张者,而表现手法上却往往能以巧思、神韵胜人一筹,更能体现"性灵"二字;就与袁枚的交往而言,相对于其他三人也更为亲近,因此,堪称性灵派的殿军。

There were many poetic academic schools during the period of Qianlong and Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty.Among them the School of Ingenious Poetry had a greater impact on poetic writing.In the Ingenious School,Sun Yuanxiang,Wang Tan,Shu Wei and Zhang Wentao were leading figures.Although Sun Yuanxiang had no formal views on the theory of poetry,spiritually he was closer to Yuan Mei than others.As to poetic writing,the content and mental stature of Sun Yuanxiang's poems might be not better than others',but his techniques of expression in poems reflected the style of Ingenious School more representatively.On the other hand,Sun Yuanxiang had closer personal relations than others with Yuan Mei,who was the mainstay of the Ingenious School.Above all,Sun Yuanxiang should be a rearguard of the Ingenious School.However,many people do not recognize the value of Sun Yuanxiang's poems yet due to various reasons.