环境立法后评估定量分析方法探讨

An Approach to Quantitative Analysis for Post-Evaluation of Environmental Legislation

在环境立法领域开展国内外普遍运用的立法后评估有助于提高我国环境立法水平。评估指标是衡量立法活动和立法成果利弊优劣的标尺或准则。根据选择环境立法评估指标应当考虑的4个因素,结合调查研究从合规、适当、规范、有效4个方面确定了合法性、适应性、合理性、实效性、专业性、可操作性、规范性以及特色性8个后评估指标。采用德尔菲法原理,根据环境立法后评估定性分析研究设计了1种简易便利的后评估数学模型,用于初步评估某项环境法律规范的立法质量与实施效果。根据调查测算,初步设定后评估指数得分8.5分以上则后评估结论为好,7～8.5分为较好,5.5～7分为一般,4～5.5分为较差,4分以下为差。

The post-evaluation widely used in the field of environmental legislation would helpful to enhance China＇s environmental legal system.A set of eight indices for the post-evaluation of environmental legislation has been built up in terms of legality,adaptability,rationality,practicability,professional,workability,normalisation, and characterisation.A quantitative assay model designed by adopting the principle of Delphi method could be used to tentatively assess the status of specific environmental laws and regulations easily and intuitively.Based on the estimation,the rating criteria were preliminarily set up according to the indexing scores,i.e.,above 8.5 marks - good,in the range 7 to 8.5 - fairly good,5.5 to 7 - ordinary,4 to 5.5 - relatively poor,and below 4 - poor.