苏联文明中心转移和苏联模式的关系解析

Analysis of the Relationship between the Shift of Soviet Civilization Center and the Soviet Model

世界上第一个社会主义国家苏联曾经成为世界文明中心。苏联的成功得益于先进的苏联社会主义模式。苏联模式的基本特征在于集中统一的经济体制、高度集权的政治体制和强大的思想文化管理体制。苏联模式的形成有深厚的理论渊源和特殊的历史条件,它在保证苏联文明中心形成中发挥了重要作用。但是,苏联模式也存在一些弊端:经济上过于求纯、急于求成,指导思想上集权统一,超越阶段,政治体制严重脱离群众。因其不能与时俱进地作出调整,苏联模式走向了反面。衰落的苏联模式诱发了苏联文明中心的向外转移。模式先进而走进文明中心的经验,模式衰落而淡出文明中心的教训,对于深入认识人类社会发展规律,丰富马克思主义唯物史观具有十分重要的意义。

The first socialiststate of the world,USSR,used to be the world＇s civilization centerwhosesuccess benefited from the advanced Soviet socialist model.The basic characteristics of the Soviet model include centralized and unified economic system,highly authoritarian political system and powerful ideology and culture managementsystem.Profound theoretical origins and special historical conditions helped produce the Soviet model and played a great role in its forma-tion.However,the Sovietmodelis also notedforexcessivelyunitary economicaldevelopment,impatienceforsuccess,centralized and unified ideology as well as the divorce between the political system and the masses.The Soviet model finally went towards the opposite due to its maladjustment to the changing situation.Decadent Soviet model induced the Soviet civilization center to transfer outwards.The lesson of becoming the civilization center with an advanced mod-el,along with the lesson of losing the civilization center due to the model declines,are significant references for under-standing the development of human society and enriching Marxist historical materialism.