四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)对菲律宾蛤仔组织解毒代谢酶活力与DNA损伤的影响

Effects of tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-47)on metabolic enzymes and DNA damages in tissues of Ruditapes philippinarum

研究了四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)对菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)鳃丝和消化盲囊芳烃羟化酶(AHH)、谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、DNA损伤(F值)的影响。结果表明:BDE-47对菲律宾蛤仔鳃丝和消化盲囊AHH、GST、SOD活力和GSH含量、F值影响显著(P<0.05),而对照组无明显变化。在实验时间内,除0.01μg/L BDE-47处理组鳃丝AHH活力与对照组无明显差异外,其它处理组组织AHH活力表现为显著的诱导作用,且在15 d内呈峰值变化,15d后趋于稳定;低浓度(0.01,0.05和0.25μg/L)处理组组织GST、SOD活力和GSH含量均呈现先升高后下降的趋势,分别于3 d或1 d达到最大值,10 d后保持稳定,表现为恢复至对照组水平或被诱导和抑制,而高浓度(1.25和6.25μg/L)处理组则呈逐渐下降趋势,均被显著抑制,至10 d或15 d后变化平稳。除0.01μg/L处理组外,各染毒处理组组织F值均被显著抑制,呈明显下降或峰值变化,至15 d后均保持稳定。同时各处理组组织AHH、GST、SOD活力和GSH含量、F值在稳定后分别与BDE-47浓度呈显著的正、负相关性(P<0.05)。由此表明,在BDE-47染毒作用下菲律宾蛤仔组织解毒代谢指标和DNA损伤表现出明显的时间、剂量效应性,经相关性分析提出菲律宾蛤仔鳃丝、消化盲囊SOD活力和组织DNA损伤可作为BDE-47污染评价的生物标志物。

This study was conducted to determine the effect of BDE-47 on the aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase（AHH）,glutathione S-transferase（GST）,superoxide dismutase（SOD） activities,reduced glutathione（GSH） content and DNA single strand breaks of the gills and digestive gland of Ruditapes philippinarum.The result showed that all of the indexes didn′t change significantly in control during the experimental time.The AHH activities exhibited a distinct dose-time response relationship except dealing with lower dose（0.01 μg/L） and keep stability after 15 d.The GST,SOD activities and GSH contents changed significantly（P〈0.05） among the treatments,and a peak value appeared in the lower dose-groups（0.01,0.05,0.25 μg/L） during the experimental time.However,those in higher dose-groups（1.25,6.25 μg/L） were restrained in all time.The duration of the treatments and enhancement of the concentrations,the restraining effects were heavier.DNA single strand breaks levels were induced in all of dose-groups except 0.01 μg/L level.The damage was permanent.There were good linear correlations and dose-time effect relationship between all of indexes and BDE-47 concentrations.SOD activities and damages of DNA in the gills and digestive gland of Ruditapes philippinarum were selected as the bio-maker to evaluate the pollution level of BDE-47.