川中丘陵区不同类型柏木林地植物群落结构和多样性研究

A Study of the Vegetation Community Structure and Biodiversity of Different Cupressus funebris Types in Hilly areas of Central Sichuan Province

川中丘陵区位于长江上游,为深入了解并充分认识川中丘陵区不同柏木林地植物群落现状,以及群落组成、变化和发展趋势群落特征,并通过生物多样性Smipson指数和Shannon-wienner指数、均匀度指数Pielou指数等指标,对川中丘陵区分布最广的柏木林为主几个不同林地类型进行了研究。结果表明:(1)研究区林地群落层次有乔木层、灌木层和草本层,林层结构简单。其中乔木7科7属11种,灌木29科39属60种,草本35科57属72种。(2)每个林分类型内均有几种优势种或亚优势种,但不同林分类型的优势种类型及其物种均有较大差异。(3)从物种分布频度看,灌木层、草本层和群落的物种总体分布频度大致都符合频度分布定律,属于L形,即低频度的A级占优势,但各个林层的物种频度有较大差异。(4)不同林层植物物种的Shannon-Wiener多样性、物种丰富度指数和生态优势度等多样性指数表明,灌木和草本层都明显高于乔木层,乔木层最小;乔-灌层、乔-草层都具有极显著性差异。

In order to understand the forest community status and structural feature of Cupressus funebris which was the most common specie in the central hilly areas of Sichuan Province, through Smipson index and Shannon-wienner index and Pielou index researches were conducted on different Cupressus funebris types in the paper. The result showed as follows ： （ 1 ） In terms of layers, the forest communities could forest land be divided into arbor, shrub and grass layers, and the forest layers were simple. There were 7 families,7 genera, and 11 species in arbor layers ; 29 families, 39 genera, and 60 species in shrub layer; 35 families,57 genera,and 72 species in grass layer. （2） Each forest type had its own dominant or sub-dominant species, but they were quite variable. （3） In terms of species distribution, the species in community, shrub and grass layers generally conformed to the frequency distribution law, and belonged to L shape. That is, A class of low frequency was actually dominant; hut species frequency varied in forest layers. （4） Shannon-Wiener index, richness index and ecological dominance index were higher in shrub and grass layers than those in arbor layers. Highly significant differences were found in arbor-shrub layer, and arborgrass layer.