意大利瓦勒拉尼整地系统与常规开沟犁整地效益对比分析

Comparison on Effects of Soil Preparation betweem Italian Vallerani System and Normal Ditching Plough

通过意大利瓦勒拉尼整地系统(由火车型犁和海豚型犁2种犁型构成,其中火车型犁近似水平沟式整地,海豚型犁近似大鱼鳞坑式整地)与常规开沟犁整地效益的对比试验,结果显示:同期覆土层(0～20 cm)的土壤含水量以瓦勒拉尼系统2种整地方式最高,是常规开沟犁整地的1.28倍和1.11倍。火车型犁整地的土壤容重为1.05 g/cm3,常规开沟犁整地为1.08 g/cm3,火车型犁整地后的土壤容重最小。瓦勒拉尼系统的火车型犁整地后的土壤毛管最大持水量是56.12%,远高于未整地的48.44%和普通犁整地的52.12%,分别是后两者的1.16倍和1.08倍。火车型犁整地后文冠果的地径达1.00 cm,是普通犁整地后地径0.42 cm的2.38倍;树高为0.93 m,是普通犁整地后树高0.53 m的1.75倍;保存率由59.30%提高至91.43%,提高了32.13个百分点;海豚型犁整地文冠果4年保存率则提高了13.42个百分点。

Through contrasting the effects of soil preparation between Italian Vallerani System （ Treno plough, Delft- no plough） and normal ditching plough, the results show： at the same casing layer, the soil moistures of two kinds of land preparation of Italian Vallerani system are the highest, with 1.28 times and 1.11 times of land preparation of the normal ditching plough. The soil bulk density of Treno plough is 1.05 g/cm3 , the one of normal ditching plough is 1.08 g/cm3. The capillary maximum moisture capacity of land preparation with Treno plough is 56. 12% , which is 1.16 times and 1.08 times of the one of non land preparation and the nornal ditching plough. The ground diameter of Xanthoceras sorbifolia after land preparation with Treno plough is 1.00 cm, which is 2. 38 times of the one of normal plough. The tree height of Xanthoceras sorbifolia is 0. 93 m, wihich is 1.75 times of the one of nor- mal plough. The preserving rate has been raised from 59.30% to 91.43%. The preserving rate of Xanthoceras sor- bifolia after land preparation with Delfino plough has been raised by 13.42 percent points.