豆粕替代鱼粉对日本黄姑鱼生长、饲料利用及体成分影响的研究

The Influence of Replacing Fish Meal Partially in the Diet with Soybean Meal on Growth,Body Composition and Feed Utilization of Juvenile Giant Croaker Nibea japonica

开展了为期63 d的饲养试验以评价豆粕替代鱼粉对日本黄姑鱼生长、体组成和饲料利用率的影响。配制了3种等氮饲料,以豆粕蛋白分别替代0%、20%和40%的鱼粉蛋白,饲养初始重大约5.67～5.77 g/尾的幼鱼。结果显示,各组间的增重率和特定生长率值没有显著差异性存在(P>0.05)。然而添加豆粕的D2和D3组的摄食率和FCR值显著地高于鱼粉组,PER的值显著地低于鱼粉组(P<0.05)。日本黄姑鱼的内脏比、肠脂比和丰满度的值在各组之间无显著性差异存在(P>0.05),但高水平豆粕添加组(D3)的肝体比最低,且显著地低于D2组(P<0.05)。不同饲料处理对日本黄姑鱼体成分和背肌组织成分组成没有显著性影响(P>0.05)。总之,在本实验条件下,豆粕可以替代40%的饲料鱼粉蛋白而没有引起日本黄姑鱼生长的下降。

A 63-day growth trial was conducted to investigate the effects of partially replacing fish meal （FM） with soybean meal （SBM） on growth, feed efficiency and body composition of giant croaker （Nibeajaponica）. Three isonitrogenous diets containing SBM at protein replacement levels of 0, 20% and 40% were offered by hand twice daily. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 18 fish per aquarium （5.67-5.77 g on average）. Specific growth rate and Growth rate were not significantly different between fish fed the FM and SBM diets, ranged from 142 9.38 to 173 1.78% and 4.32 to 4.61% day-1, respectively. But fish fed FM diet had significantly （P〈0.05） lower FCR （0.7） and higher PER （3.13） than fish fed with the other diets. Fish fed the SBM diets had a higher feed intake （84.68-86.70） than those fed the FM diet （56.99）. The final biometric parameters were not affected by the diets, except that the hepatosomatic index in fish fed with 40% SBM pro- tein diet was significantly lower （1.92） than in the 20% SBM protein groups （2.29%） （P〈0.05）. There were no significant differences in the moisture, lipid, crude protein and ash content in whole body and muscle, while lipid content in liver increased as the dietary soybean meal replacement levels increased. The study shows that 40% of fish meal protein in practical giant croaker diets can be replaced with soybean meal.