碳排放权初始分配方式设定的探究

The Setting of Initial Allocation Approaches of Carbon Emission Permits

环境效益的实现与碳排放权交易的顺利展开,首要解决的一个问题是初始排放权分配方式的合理设定。通过设定一个基于总量控制的"祖父式"分配模型,运用一般均衡分析方法,找出在开放与封闭交易体系中同时满足社会和企业利益最大化的最优均衡条件,得出结论,在开放和封闭体系中,使用企业历史产出作为参照因子永远不是最优的,使用企业历史排放量作为因子只在封闭经济中一些限制条件较强的情况下可达到最优,而使用与企业产出、排放无关的外生因子在开放与封闭体系中均可达到社会最优均衡。

To realize environmental benefits and well progress carbon emission permits trading system,a first and important problem needed to be settled is how to set the initial allocation approaches.A general equilibrium analysis method is utilized to an allocation model which is based on ＂grandfathering＂ under cap control,in order to find out the optimal equilibrium conditions that content the maximization of both society and enterprises＇ benefits in open and closed trading systems.Analysis shows that,in two systems,it is never optimal taking enterprises＇ historical output as a reference factor,and that taking enterprises＇ historical emission can be optimal only in closed system and only for a narrow class of allocation mechanisms.Instead,by utilizing exogenous factors that are irrelevant with enterprises＇ output or emission one can achieve social optimum and equilibrium in two trading systems.