中国传统文化中的义利统一论

Ethical Schools Integrating Righteousness and Benefit in the Traditional Chinese Culture

中国古代伦理史上的义利之辨历时长久,在为人熟知的重义轻利的儒家和重利轻义的法家之外,有主张义利统一的流派:墨家的义利相合论;西汉司马迁、东汉王充和桓潭等人的义以利生论;宋代李觏、陈亮、叶适、王安石、清初颜元等人的义利并重论。梳理把握传统伦理思想中的义利统一流派的基本构成,可以对其理论价值及其异同进一步加以确认。

In the long ethical history in ancient China, there were always debates on righteousness and benefit. The best-known ethical schools were Confucianism, which values righteousness but despises benefit, and Legalism, which values benefit but de- spises righteousness. Besides the two schools, there were some schools which advocated the integration of righteousness and benefit. they were Mohism combining righteousness with benefit, the school represented by Sima Qian in the West Han Dynasty and Wang Chong and Huan Tan in the East Han Dynasty who argued that righteousness comes from benefit, and the school led by Li Gou, Chen Liang, Ye Shi, Wang Anshi in the Song Dynasty and Yan Yuan in the early Qing Dynasty who exclaimed to balance righteousness and benefit. By analyzing and comparing these schools, we can further confirm their ideas on righteousness and benefit, and their similarities and differences.