胸部肿瘤引起上腔静脉综合征的治疗及进展

The treatment and progress on vena cava syndrome caused by thoracic tumor

上腔静脉综合征(superior vena cava syndrome,SVCS)又称上腔静脉阻塞综合征,是上腔静脉或其周围的病变引起上腔静脉完全或不完全性阻塞,导致经上腔静脉回流到右心房的血液部分或全部受阻,从而引起的急性或亚急性的呼吸困难和上肢、颈和颜面部瘀血水肿,以及上半身浅表静脉曲张,进一步发展可导致缺氧和颅内压升高的一组临床症候群。影像学检查有助于诊断,其中传统可以确定阻塞部位和性质,静脉造影可发现阻塞范围、程度和侧支循环情况。放射治疗能使大部分恶性肿瘤所致的症状有所缓解。本文对SVCS的各项治疗有所介绍,其中对外科治疗有详细介绍。

Superior vena cava syndrome（ SVCS ）, also known as the superior vena cava obstruction syndrome,is the lesion of the superior vena cava or around it , then causing the superior vena cava complete or incomplete obstruction and leading to blood reflux disorder. Thus produce clinical symptom, including acute or subacute dyspnea , upper limbs, neck and facial congestion and edema, and the upper superficial varicose veins, the further development may cause hypoxia and high intracranial pressure of a set of clinical syndrome. Imaging examination can help diagnosis, CT can determine the obstructive position and the nature, venography can be found obstructive range, degree and condition of collateral circulation. Radiation treatment can ease the symptoms of most malignancy . The paper reviewed current study status and therapeutic progress on SVCS.