儿童艾滋病12例临床分析

Clinical analysis for 12 cases of children with AIDS

目的:探讨儿童艾滋病的病因、临床特点,防止误诊误治。方法:回顾性分析2005年1月～2011年1月本院感染疾病科诊治的12例儿童艾滋病的临床资料。结果:患儿临床表现多样,主要表现为发育迟缓和营养不良、发热、腹泻、咳嗽、贫血、肝脾大等。6例给予抗生素,1例给予抗生素和抗结核治疗后均有好转;3例患儿给予抗真菌治疗,1例好转,2例死亡;2例混合感染者给予抗生素和艾滋病抗病毒药物(HARRT)治疗,1例应用HARRT1年后,复查半年内未再出现明显发热及感染征象,但病毒载量检测仍然可检出,1例好转,自行停用抗病毒药物,半年后又因混合感染死亡。结论:儿童艾滋病主要通过母婴垂直传播,临床表现多样,预后差,死亡率高,因此应提高对其特点的认识,以利尽早诊断和治疗。

Objective： To study the cause, clinical features, so as to prevent misdiagnosis dealt. Methods： The data of 12 cases of children AIDS from January 2005 to January 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Results： The main clinical presentation in 12 cases were growth retardation, malnutrition, fever, diarrhea, cough, anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and so on. 6 cases were given antibiotics and 1 case was given antibiotics and anti-TB treatment, all cases were improved; 3 patients were given anti-fungal treatment, 1 patient was improved, 2 patients died; 2 cases of mixed infection were given antibiotics and AIDS antiviral drugs （HARRT） treatment, 1 patient applied HARRT one year later, review within six months, no further significant signs of fever and infection, but viral load testing could still be detected, 1 patient was improved, but stopped antiviral drugs on his own, died six months later due to mixed infection. Conclusion： The main transmission for child AIDS is matermal infant vertcal dissemination. The clinical manifestations is various and the prognosis is bad and high mortality, it is helpful to improve our awareness of the disease for early diagnosis and treatment.