添加剂对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响及其机理

Influence of Admixtures on Properties of Traditional Sticky Rice-lime Mortar and Their Mechanisms

糯米灰浆是中国古代建筑史上的一项重要科技发明,为了使该传统工艺科学化地为现代文化遗产保护服务,采用SEM和XRD等技术手段,探讨了纸筋、硫酸铝和二水石膏3种添加剂对糯米灰浆性能的影响及其机理。结果表明:纸筋对糯米灰浆抗压强度和耐冻融性的改进最为明显;硫酸铝对改善糯米灰浆的干燥收缩性效果最佳;二水石膏的加入,对样品的耐冻融性并无改进,而且,随着其含量的增加,样品的抗压强度和表面硬度增幅降低。在文化遗产保护实践中,建议采用6%的硫酸铝或3%的纸筋作为糯米灰浆的添加剂。

On the basis of characterization of property of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar, influence of admixtures （aluminum sulfate, gypsum, paper fiber） on properties of traditional sticky rice-lime mortar and their scientific mechanisms are discussed by means of SEM and XRD. It is indicated that paper fiber is the most effective admixture to endure freezing-thawing cycles and increase compressive strength of sticky rice-lime mortar due to disorderly distribution and water-retaining of paper fiber, and the use of aluminum sulfate reduces dry shrinkage values and improves compressive strength because of formation of ettringite in sticky rice-lime mortar. Gypsum is proved to be ineffective to modify freezing-thawing cycles of sticky ricelime mortar. Meanwhile, compressive strength and surface hardness of sticky rice-lime mortar with gypsum decline as gypsum amounts. It is suggested that 6% aluminum sulfate or 3 % paper fiber can be used as admixtures of sticky rice-lime mortar in conservation of cultural relics.