根际土壤微生物变化对西洋参种植的影响

Influence to American ginsen plantation under dynamics of rhizospheric soil microbes

以陕西产地不同年限西洋参根际土壤微生物(包括解钾、解磷及自生固氮菌)为研究对象,通过对根际土壤微生物进行分离、培养、计数和鉴定,并对比栽参后的玉米轮作根际土壤微生物数量和类群的变化特征,研究了根际土壤微生物的动态变化对西洋参连续种植的影响。结果表明:与轮作根际土壤相比,随西洋参生长期的增加其根际土壤中细菌数量的变化不明显,但优势细菌种类减少;放线菌数量及种类均有不同程度的减少;引起西洋参病害的霉菌类群明显增加;解磷、解钾、自生固氮菌的比例明显失调。此种变化可引起土壤理化性质的改变,进而影响西洋参的连续种植情况。

Dynamics of rhizospheric soil microbes on American ginsen and maize rotation from Shannxi production area was studied by animalcule separation,count and identification.Bacteria of dissolving phosphorus,potassium and bacterium of fixing nitrogen were also researched.The results showed that there existed no differences on the amount of bacterium,but the categories of bacterium decreased with the growing of ginsen comparing to the maize rotation;the amount and categories of actinomyces both reduced.However,the mould which caused the ginsen′s diseases increased.It was also found that the content of phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria and Azotobacter apparent disordered.The physical and chemical of soil changes with the variation of the soil microbial community structure,which affected the continue cultivation of ginsen,provided the theoretical basis for the further development of ginsen.