基于H-O理论的外包模型构建与实证检验——美国劳动力就业市场视角

Outsourcing Model Building and Empirical Test Based on H-O Theory ——From the Perspective of American Labor Market

基于美国劳动力就业市场视角探讨外包、就业和贸易保护三者之间的关系。首先将外包现象纳入标准的H-0模型,分析了国际外包的理论基础,其次运用计量的方法实证验证了中美外包规模与美国就业市场的关系。结论是:基于H-O理论的外包模型考虑的是外包对低技术劳动力就业的影响,从短期来看,把附加值低的工序和服务外包给中国会对美国国内一部分低技术劳动力产生一定的冲击,但从长期看,对国内的就业是有利的。同时实证结果也证实了外包并不是导致美国劳动力市场变化的主要原因。最后提出了中国未来承接国际外包的政策建议。

This paper discusses the relationship between outsourcing,employment and trade protection from the perspective of American labor market.First,it incorporate outsourcing into the standard H-O model and analyzes the theoretical foundation of international outsourcing,and then demonstrates the relationship between Sino-American outsourcing scale and American labor market empirically.The conclusion is that outsourcing may have a negative effect on American job market in the short run but will be positive in the long run.Empirical results also confirm that outsourcing is not the driving force for labor market change.Finally,it puts forward some suggestions for China＇s future outsourcing policy.