云南省岩溶水赋存特征

Distribution features of karst water in Yunnan

云南省岩溶水赋存特征,从宏观到微观层面主要表现为:高原面上总体岩溶含水层的富水性比较均匀,其中的汇水型岩溶断陷盆地内,岩溶含水层特征等同于多孔介质。高原面边缘、河谷斜坡地带岩溶含水层的富水性极不均匀,其中在汇水—径流型岩溶断陷盆地内,上游部分富水性比较均匀,靠近下游转换带及其以下溶洞管道区富水性极不均匀。在一个完整的水文地质单元内,饱水带水位埋深基本接近集中排泄点的水位。通常,补给区实质上主要是透水层;径流区基本具备含水层的特征;排泄区方形成了名副其实的含水层。特定的微地貌组合形式,能够反映岩溶水的运动、赋存特征,应注意调查研究。

Distribution features of karst water in Yunnan Province is summarized as follows. The karst aquifer is the comparatively homogeneous medium in the karst plateau plain. While it is the comparatively inhomogeneous medium on the edge of the karst plateau plain and the slopes of river valley. The aquifer charac- teristic of the karst catchment basin is same to the porous medium. In the catchment-runoff karst graben ba- sin, water content is comparatively homogeneous in the upstream section but quite inhomogeneous in the karst cave and conduit in the downstream section. Furthermore, the water table of the saturated zone is nearly equivalent to the drainage spring in the identical hydrogeologic unit. Generally, the karst stratum is mainly similar to the permeable bed in the recharge area and is nearly equal to aquifer in the runoff area and real aquifer in the discharge area. The features of the karst geomorphologic landscape could open out the enrichment situation of karst water. Moreover, the enrichment effects of water-storing structure are more important.