休闲期施肥覆盖对旱地小麦越冬期幼苗生长的影响

Effect of Covering and Fertilizer in Leisure Period on Wintering Wheat Growth under Dryland Condition

采用大田试验研究了休闲期不同施肥、不同覆盖对旱地小麦越冬期0～20cm土壤蓄水量、农艺性状、倒二叶POD和SOD活性、MDA含量的影响,从而通过改革耕作技术,达到形成冬前壮苗的目的。结果表明:休闲期施农家肥可增加旱地小麦越冬期0～20cm土壤蓄水量,可增加越冬期分蘖数、单株干重,显著增加倒二叶的POD、SOD活性,显著降低MDA含量。无论施农家肥与否,0～20cm土壤蓄水量、单株干重、POD和SOD活性均以渗水地膜覆盖最高,不覆盖显著最低,液态地膜居中,且渗水地膜处理较液态地膜和不覆盖处理可显著增加0～20cm土壤蓄水量和单株干重;MDA含量以不覆盖最高,液态地膜覆盖居中,渗水地膜覆盖条件处理最低。可见,旱地小麦采用休闲期施农家肥+渗水地膜覆盖的栽培措施有利于提高土壤蓄水量,促进旱地小麦生长。

Field test was carried out to study the effect of different covering and fertilizer in leisure period on soil water storage at the depth of 0~20 cm,on plant growth,and on the activities of POD and SOD,and MDA content in wheat leaves in under dryland condition,thus through the farming technique reformation to form strong wheat before wintering.The results showed that soil water storage at the depth of 0~20 cm,tiller numbers and dry weight in plant,POD and SOD activity were increased,and MDA content was decreased under the treatment of the farmyard fertilizer.The results also indicated that the soil water storage at the depth of 0~20 cm,tiller numbers and dry weight in plant,POD and SOD activity were the highest under the treatment of water permeability plastic film mulching（PM）,and the lowest under the treatment without covering（CK） among the three treatments.The soil water storage at the depth of 0~20 cm and dry weight in plant were significantly increased under the treatment of PM.MDA content was the highest under the treatment of CK,and the lowest under the treatment of PM among the three treatments.So,farmyard fertilizer and PM increased the soil water storage and plant growth in wheat under dryland condition.