基于生态容量的中国资源环境基尼系数研究

Research on China Resource-Environment Gini Coefficient Based on Ecological Capability

选取中国内地2007年SO2排放、工业固废产生、废水排放和能源消耗作为评价指标,以＂森林面积＂和＂农业用地＂为＂生态容量＂表征指标,计算基于生态容量的中国资源环境基尼系数,以绿色负担系数判断资源消耗和污染物排放不公平因子.结果表明：4项指标资源环境基尼系数分别为0.56、0.57、0.67、0.60,表现出极大区域分配不公平性.由绿色负担系数可知,上海、天津、江苏、北京、山东、河北、山西、河南、辽宁、浙江、重庆、广东等经济发达省市是主要不公平因子,需要转变经济发展模式,减少环境压力.

The SO2 emission,industrial solid waste production,industrial waste water discharging and energy consumption in 2007 in China were chosen as evaluating indices,the forest area and agriculture area were chosen token as ecological capability indices to calculate the resource-environment Gini coefficient and green burden coefficient.The green burden coefficient was applied as the bases to judge the unfair factors.The results indicated that the resource-environment Gini coefficient of four indices were 0.56,0.57,0.67,0.60,respectively.It was shown that the discrepancy of distribution of resource and environment was large in China.From the green burden coefficient,it was suggested that Shanghai,Tianjin,Jiangsu,Beijing,Shandong,Hebei,Shanxi,Henan,Liaoning,Zhejiang,Chongqing,Guangdong be the main unfair factors,it needs to transit their economic patterns and reduce the environment pressure.