创新铁路运输业竞争理论模型研究

Research on the Innovation Competition Theory Model of Railway Transportation

通过对竞争理论的研究,提出了铁路运输竞争的概念及分类,建立了铁路运输内部竞争和外部竞争模型;特别是通过对现行中国铁路运输区域管理(铁路局管理)模式的实证分析研究,建立了铁路现有区域管理模式下的竞争模型,在此基础上提出了市场经济条件下、实现充分竞争的新型铁路公司竞争模型,即通过改革后使任一客户(旅客或货主)在同一地区可以选择不同铁路运输公司为其服务,建立起铁路运输企业间的内部充分竞争机制,对铁路运输改革、打破运输垄断、引入竞争机制具有一定的理论意义和重要的现实参考价值。

Based on the investigation of the competition theories,the paper puts forward the concept and classes of competitions in rail transportation and establishes the models of internal and external competition.Particularly,through empirical analysis of the existing regional management mode（administration through railway bureau）,the competition model under the current regional management mode is constructed and the full competition model of railway companies of innovated types under the market economy is proposed.According to the model,after the reforms,any customer（passenger or cargo） in the same area can choose different railway companies for their services.In this way,railway transportation enterprises are faced with full competition.It can help to promote the rail transportation reform,to break the transportation monopoly and to introduce the competition mechanism in both theoretical and practical aspects.