七氟醚吸入下静脉诱导在婴幼儿口腔颌面部手术麻醉中的应用

Inhalation sedation with sevoflurane and intravenous induction in anaesthesia for infant undergoing oral-maxillofacial operation

目的评价七氟醚镇静在婴幼儿口腔颌面部手术麻醉中的应用效果。方法将40例行择期口腔颌面部手术的5个月至3岁患儿随机分为七氟醚镇静静脉诱导组(A组)与氯胺酮基础麻醉静脉诱导组(B组)。记录各组患儿诱导时间、血液动力学指标、拔管时间、意识恢复时间及不良反应。结果 A组拔管时间和苏醒时间明显短于B组[A组:(3.3±1.4)min/(12.4±2.2)min,B组:(5.2±2.3)min/(18.7±4.9)min,P<0.05],两组间诱导时间、血液动力学变化差异无统计学意义。A组术后呼吸道并发症少于B组。结论七氟醚镇静静脉诱导麻醉较氯胺酮基础麻醉下全麻苏醒迅速,并发症少。

Objective To evaluate the effect of inhalation sedation with sevoflurane and intravenous induction for infant undergoing oral-maxillofacial surgery.Methods Forty infants aged from 5 months to 3 years old were randomly divided into two groups with twenty each.Group A is sevoflurane sedation group,while group B is ketamine group.The time of lossing consciousness and airway management was recorded.Hemodynamic change,adverse events and vital parameters were recorded.Results The time of extubation and consciousness recovery in group A was significantly shorter than that of group B [group A：（3.3±1.4）min/（12.4±2.2）min,group B：（5.2±2.3）min/（18.7±4.9）min,P0.05）.There were no statistical differences in the time of induction and hemodynamic change.Vital signs were stable in both groups.The incidence of airway complications in group A was less than in group B.Conclusions Sedation with sevoflurane and intravenous induction offers a useful,effective and well-tolerated technique for infant undergoing oral-maxillofacial surgery with less contamination.