土壤真菌研究方法及人为干扰对森林土壤真菌群落影响研究进展

Progress on Research Method of Soil Fungi and Human Disturbances to Forest Soil Fungi

土壤真菌是森林生态循环的重要调解者之一,与植物和细菌维持着重要的共生关系,人为干扰会对森林土壤真菌产生影响。土壤真菌调查困难,对调查方法依赖很大。文中从传统方法、分子方法及二者结合的方法对土壤真菌调查方法进行归纳,并从传统和分子方法2个层面,对人为干扰下森林土壤真菌变化的研究进行了综述。目前,国外已开始利用分子方法对人为干扰影响土壤真菌进行研究,多从林型转换、火烧方面入手,对其他人为干扰措施下森林土壤真菌的研究几乎没有。从微生物学角度看,森林受人为干扰而变化的内在机制尚不清楚。

Soil fungi in forest play an important role in mediating ecological recycling,and they maintain major symbiotic relationships with plants and bacteria.Soil fungi are being disturbed by human activities.It is particularly difficult to investigate the fungal community in soil,so the results are highly dependent on the investigation methods.In this paper,we summarized the fungi investigation methods from three aspects of traditional methods,molecular methods and the combination of both.Moreover,we reviewed human disturbances to forest by traditional methods and molecular methods.At present,molecular methods have been adopted to investigate human disturbances to soil fungi in foreign countries,mostly in terms of the conversion of forest type and fire.There are few researches on other human disturbance measures to forest soil fungi at home and abroad.As the result,the internal mechanism of how forest gets changed by human disturbance is not clear from microbial perspective.