新生技术创业者及其创业过程解析——基于CPSED微观层次随机抽样调查的证据

Analysis of the Nascent Tech-entrepreneurs and Their Entrepreneurial Process——Based on the Micro-level Random Sampling Data from CPSED

技术创业对经济社会发展具有重要贡献,但对"谁在创办技术企业"以及"技术创业的生成过程"知之甚少且缺乏研究.本文基于中国创业动态跟踪调查(CPSED)的大样本随机抽样数据,从微观层次分析新生技术创业者及其创业过程.研究发现:首先,新生技术创业者中男性更多,年轻、文化程度高、经验丰富;其次,创业主要是为了抓住有利商机,偏向于将企业规模控制在可控范畴;第三,主要通过系统搜索的方式发现来源于资源激励的创业机会;第四,完成前期计划方面创业活动没有显著区别,但会实施更多的资源投入、市场行为和合法化行为;最后,多数新生技术创业者强调稳健,并不刻意追求高成长,但成长愿望强于其他新生创业者.

Technological entrepreneurship contributes much to the economic and social development. However, there is lack of systematic research on who are building up the tech-ventures and how the technological entrepreneurship come about. Based on the large sample of random sampling data from Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics, here it analyzes from the micro-level perspective the characteristics of nascent tech-entrepreneurs and their entrepreneurial process. Some results are obtained. Firstly, there are more male nascent tech-entrepreneurs, and they are young, well- educated and experienced. Secondly, the motivation of most nascent tech-entrepreneurs is to seize the favorable oppor- tunities, and they prefer to keep the venture in a controllable size. Thirdly, they tend to discover opportunities through systematic search, and most nascent tech-entrepreneurs start their businesses by making full use of entrepreneurs＇ avail- able resources or abilities. Fourthly, nascent tech-entrepreneurs and general nascent entrepreneurs do not differ signifi- cantly in planning activities, but nascent tech-entrepreneurs engage in more activities in terms of resource acquisition, marketing and legitimacy establishment. Finally, most nascent tech-entrepreneurs stress steady development, and do not deliberately pursue high growth. However, compared to other nascent entrepreneurs, nascent tech-entrepreneurs exhibit higher growth aspiration.