微管式固体氧化物燃料电池制备技术及电堆组装工艺

Fabrication techniques and stack assembling methods for micro tubular solid oxide fuel cells

微管式固体氧化物燃料电池(MT-SOFC)能显著减小固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的体积,微型化结构使其传质、传热和反应效率明显提高,可实现快速启动与关闭,易于移动和携带。本文概述了微管式固体氧化物燃料电池的结构、关键制备工艺、研究现状、存在问题和应用前景。对电解质支撑型、阳极支撑型及阴极支撑型MT-SOFC结构和性能进行了分析比较,介绍了等静压成型、挤出成型和相转化纺丝法制备陶瓷中空纤维的技术,综述了微管负载型电解质膜技术和微管电池堆组装技术,并对MT-SOFC发展方向及在便携电源、汽车动力电源和微反应器领域的应用进行了展望。

Micro tubular solid oxide fuel cells （MT-SOFCs） have not only the inherent benefits of SOFCs, but exhibit new advantages over conventional SOFCs, such as higher mass transfer/heat transfer, higher reaction efficiency, rapid start-up/shut-down and significantly reduced volume. Therefore, MT-SOFCs show potential applications in portable and mobile power sources. This paper reviews the progress of MT- SOFC studies, focusing on the properties, structures, and fabrications of the cells. The structures and performances of MT-SOFCs supported with electrolyte, anode and cathode respectively are compared and analyzed. The key step for fabrication of MT-SOFCs is the preparation of micro tubes using methods such as isostatic pressing, plastic extrusion and phase inversion spinning methods for hollow fiber ceramics. Preparation of dense electrolyte membrane and assembling of cell stacks are discussed. The challenges and potential applications of MT-SOFCs in portable power sources, electric vehicles and micro reactors are also highlighted.