水下高速射弹超空泡运动建模与仿真

Modeling and simulation research on supercavitation motion of underwater high-speed projectile

建立并简化了水下高速射弹动力学和运动学模型。基于空泡模型假设和空泡截面独立扩张原理,确定了空化数与速度、深度的耦合计算关系;定义了水下射弹尾翼穿刺前的临界空化数;对水下高速射弹弹道特性进行了仿真研究。仿真计算结果表明:水下射弹有效射程受初始入射角影响较大;随着初始入射角的增大,有效射程逐渐减小;提升初速度可以带来有效射程的增大,但增幅效果不显著,在满足预定指标条件下应合理选择初速度;初始攻角对射弹弹道散布影响较大,初始角速度对其影响很小,但较大的初始角速度会带来明显的攻角变化。

Kinematic and dynamic models for the underwater high-speed projectile are established and simplified,based on cavity model hypothesis and the independence principle of the cavity expansion,the coupling relation between the cavitation number and velocity along with depth and the critical cavitation number are made certain,so the ballistic characteristics of the underwater high-speed projectile is simulated and researched.The simulation result shows that the initial angle of incidence has great influence on the effective attack range of the underwater projectile,and the effective attack range decreases as the initial angle of incidence increases;the effective attack range cannot be increased remarkably by improving the initial speed,so the initial speed should be choosed based on the tactics index;the initial angle of attack have greater influence on the ballistic spread which the initial angular velocity has very small influence on,but greater initial angular velocity can lead to the obvious change of the angle of attack.