上海市部分社区居民化妆品皮肤不良反应的调查

Investigation and Analysis on Adverse Skin Reactions to Cosmetics in Community Residents

[目的]初步了解上海市中心城区20￣59岁人群化妆品皮肤不良反应的发生情况及分布特点,试图找出重点人群,为进一步的研究提供数据基础。[方法]采用分层随机抽样的方式,抽取上海市中心城区1 200名20￣59岁社区居民作为研究对象,采用问卷调查的方式收集化妆品皮肤不良反应情况及相关信息,汇总数据并进行统计分析。[结果]在收集的1 164份有效问卷中,10.7%的被调查者生平有过化妆品皮肤不良反应的经历,5.07%的被调查者在过去一年中经历过化妆品皮肤不良反应。各年龄组之间有过化妆品皮肤不良反应经历的比例差异无统计学意义。20￣29岁组、30￣39岁组及总体(20￣59岁)的男性与女性之间有过化妆品皮肤不良反应经历的比例差异有统计学意义。自我判断为皮肤敏感的被调查者有化妆品皮肤不良反应经历的比例高于自我判断为皮肤不敏感的被调查者;自述有过敏史的被调查者有化妆品皮肤不良反应经历的比例高于自述无过敏史的被调查者。[结论]本研究获取的上海市中心城区20￣59岁人群化妆品皮肤不良反应经历的比例低于国外的相关报道。人群中皮肤敏感者所占的比例、有过敏史者所占的比例可能影响该人群经历过化妆品皮肤不良反应者所占的比例。

To take a pilot study on the adverse skin reactions to cosmetics in the 20-59 years old people in Shanghai and analyze their characteristics, in order to find out the target population and provide the basis for further study. [ Methods ] Through stratified random sampling, 1 200 people between 20 and 59 years old were recruited and answered the questionnaires for the information about adverse skin reactions to cosmetics, and then the data were arranged and analyzed. [ Results ] A total of 1 164 valid questionnaires were collected, in which 10.7% of respondents experienced adverse skin reactions to cosmetics over their lifetime, 5.07% of them experienced adverse skin reactions to cosmetics in the preceding year. In the proportion of the adverse skin reactions to cosmetics, no difference was presented between the age groups, but significant difference existed between men and women of the 20 to 29 age group, 30 to 39 age group and overall （20 to 59 years old）. According to self-judgment of the respondents to determine their skin sensitivity, adverse skin reaction rate in the respondents with sensitive skin was higher than those with non-sensitive skin. The respondents with allergic history had a higher incidence rate of adverse skin reactions to cosmetics than those with no allergic history. [ Conclusion ] The frequency of the adverse skin reactions to cosmetics in general population according to this study is lower than that reported in foreign countries. The proportion of the people with sensitive skin might affect the frequency of the adverse skin reactions to cosmetics, and so does the proportion of the people with allergic history.