透性化细胞制备方法的研究进展

Research progress in the methods for the preparation of permeabilized cell

透性化细胞是指在不造成细胞裂解以及不破坏细胞内部有机结构的情况下,改变细胞壁和细胞膜的通透性,使得小分子和一些较大分子物质能够自由进出的细胞。细胞经过透性化处理后,胞内酶的催化作用得以充分发挥,同时完整的细胞结构对胞内酶具有一定的保护作用,延长酶的使用寿命。综述了目前透性化细胞的制备方法,包括物理法、化学法和基因工程法,比较了不同方法的特点、机制和适用性,为通过透性化细胞进行生物转化提供了新的思路。

Permeabilized cell is a kind of whole cell,which the permeability of the cell wall and membrane has been improved by physical or chemical methods.Permeabilization of the cells enables fast diffusion of the substrate and product across the cell membrane.The stability and efficiency of the endocellular enzymes are increased.The paper reviewed the methods for the preparation of permeabilized cells used as whole cell biocatalysts.The methods,such as physical,chemical,and gene engineering,have been introduced and compared.