油茶产业开发对生态公益林保护的影响

The influence on ecological forest with Camellia oleifera industry development

通过对常宁市和耒阳市油茶基地建设现状的典型抽样调查结果表明,大规模油茶基地造林工程存在侵占生态公益林地的问题。林业管理部门内部对油茶开发与公益林地保护之间的协调问题尚未予以足够重视,没有形成一致意见和指导油茶开发和公益林地保护的文件,更缺少与国土管理部门和政府层面的政策协调,导致公益林的保护面临严重挑战。调查认为,在落实生态保护技术措施前提下,在平缓(15°以下)的公益林地适度发展油茶种植,可以收到提高公益林地植被质量和效益及管护水平的效果,但应严格控制规模,并进行方案的严格审核和实施过程的有效监督。在油茶基地整地时,应严格执行减缓水土流失的生态技术规程,从而实现油茶产业开发与公益林地保护的协调共赢。

The situation of establishment of Camellia oleifera base at Changling and Laiyang was investigated with representative sampiing way. The results showed, there was a problem of occupation on ecological forest land by a large scale of C. oleifera base. The issue of reconcilement between development of C. oleifera and protection of ecological forest had not been paid enough attention to by the forest administration, not to mention that both the policy reconcilement between forestry and land administration and coordination by the layer of government were absent. Eventually, the protection of ecological forest was facing the serious challenge. It was admitted that to develop C. oleifera on ecological forest flat land with slope under 15~ might improve the local vegetation quality and benefits, and might elevate the management level, if the ecological protection technologies were adopted, the scale were controlled and the scheme and conducting process were put under strict supervising. Especially, during the soil processing, the directive rules for ecological technology would be obeyed, e.g. the middle type machines should be prohibited to use on soil developed from fragile rock, such as granite, with big slope, so that the win-win both the industry of C. oleifera and protection of ecological forest would be true.