高速钢麻花钻的磨损试验研究

Experiment Research on High-Speed Steel Twist Drill Wear

麻花钻是实现孔加工的重要工具,然而切削刃口的快速磨损是制约钻孔质量和钻头寿命的重要因素。基于产品抽样钻孔试验与正交试验,本文对高速钢麻花钻的磨损、破损等失效形式进行了综合分析,探讨了以钻孔直径为评价指标时的孔加工数量与孔径的关系,并对麻花钻磨损的关键影响因素进行了正交试验研究。结果表明,麻花钻磨损与破损形式主要有主切削刃前刀面与后刀面磨损、横刃磨损、刃带磨损、外圆转角磨损、崩刃等;切削速度对麻花钻磨损影响最大、进给量次之、孔深影响最小;此外,随着加工孔数量的增加,孔径呈减小趋势。

Twist drill is an important tool to realize hole processing. The rapid wear of cutting edge is an important factor restricting hole quality and drill life. Based on sampling experiment and orthogonal experiment, the main wear and break patterns of twist drill were analyzed in this paper, the relationship between hole number and hole diameters has been discussed, the key factors impacting drill wear were studied. The results show that there are six major wear and breakage patterns during twist drill wear, including main cutting edge frank wear, rake face wear, chisel edge wear, vice cutting edge wear, comer wear and chipping. Cutting speed is the main factor impacting drill wear, feed is the second, hole depth is the last. Hole diameter is getting smaller with the increasing of hole number.