企业技术效率的影响分析

Empirical Study on Technical Efficiency of Enterprises

本文以上海市166家大中型企业五年的面板数据为研究对象,设定两种不同的生产函数和两种误差分布,利用随机前沿方法分别进行了技术效率的估计。我们发现不同测算方法的结果差异不大,且对企业的评价具有一致性。结果表明上海市工业企业的技术效率整体水平不高。通过研究影响企业技术效率的外生性因素,发现企业的所有制结构、规模、R&D经费支出与R&D人员投入、资本密集程度和企业的垄断程度等因素都对上海市工业企业的技术效率水平具有显著影响。基于研究结果,我们给出了提高企业技术效率的一些建议。

Taking 166 large or medium industrial enterprises panel data as object,this paper specifies two models of Cobb-Douglas production and stochastic frontier production for analysis.The technical efficiency is estimated by MLE method and stochastic frontier method with the assumption that errors are subject to half-normal distribution and zero-truncated normal distribution.We find that the difference of results between different measures is little and the assessment of enterprises is consistent.The results also show that the overall level of technical efficiency of industrial enterprises in Shanghai is not so high.By studying the exogenous factors which have impact on technological efficiency,this paper finds that corporate ownership structure,size,RD expenditures and RD human resources input,intensity of capital,business monopoly and other factors have significant effect on the technical efficiency of industrial enterprise in Shanghai.